选修8 unit 3 课堂辅导    grammar

    1. the first thing i tried to do was to see if there were products that might help me， but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. 首先我查看是否有产品能帮助我，但看来只有一种毒杀蛇的药粉。（p.20）    「点拨1」本句中there seemed to be是there be句型的特殊形式，表示“似乎有”。注意其时态的变化，如：seem to do / seem to be doing / seem to have done 等。    「点拨2」 designed过去分词作后置定语，修饰前面的名词powders，表被动。    「考例」    “things ______ never come again！” i couldn‘t help talking to myself.             a. lost          b. losing c. to lose         d. have lost「解析」答案a. 句意为：“失去的事物不会再回来！”我忍不住自言自语。本题考查非谓语动词。因为things和lose之间是被动关系，须用过去分词作定语。单个的过去分词作定语时一般位于名词之前，但有时为了强调，也可放在名词之后作后置定语。    2. for the second attempt i froze th e bowl and ice-cubes again but placed them over the snakes habitat in the evening as the temperature was staring to cool. 第二次试验时，我把碗和冰块再次冻好，但在傍晚气温开始下降的时候把它们放在蛇穴的上方。（p.20）    「点拨」 本句中but连接两个并列的动作froze和placed； as引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。注意 as在英语中起的作用很多，它可以引导时间状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、定语从句等。    「考例」    ______， his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.                   a. strange as might it sound b. as it might sound strange c. as strange it might sound d. strange as it might sound「解析」 答案d.句意为：尽管他的想法听起来有些奇怪，但与会的所有人都接受了。本题考查倒装语序。 as引导让步状语从句时，作表语的形容词要前置。     3. pressed by my friends and relations，  i decided to send my invention to the patent office to get recognition for my successful idea. 在亲戚朋友的督促下，我决定把我的发明送到专利局去，使我的成功创意获得认证。（p.21）    「点拨」 本句中pressed by是过去分词短语作原因状语，表被动； to get 是不定式作目的状语。    「考例」    ______ by a greater demand of vegetables， farmers have built more green houses.     a. driven          b. being driven c. to drive        d. having driven「解析」 答案a.句意为：受更大蔬菜需求的驱动，农民已经建了更多的温室。本题考查非谓语动词。因为farmers和drive之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词短语作状语，表示原因。    4. only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor. 只有获得了认证，你才可以说是一个真正的发明者。（p.21）    「点拨」 以 only开头的句子，如果only修饰的是句子的状语或状语从句，句子或主句要部分倒装，但only修饰主语时，句子不倒装。如：only the students in class 3 can do the exercises. 只有三班的同学才能做这些练习。    「考例」    only after my friend came ______.  （，福建）    a. did the computer repair b. he repaired the computer c. was the computer repaired d. the computer was repaired    「解析」 答案c.以only+状语从句开头时主句用倒装语序，应把句中的系动词、情态动词或助动词提前，本题是被动语态，因此答案为c.    phrases set out「原句再现」 bell never set out to invent the telephone and what he was trying to design was a multiple telegraph. （p.25）    [点拨] set out在上句中的意思是“开始，着手做某事”。set out还可以表示“动身，出发”，后常跟介词for. [辨析] set about也有“开始，着手做某事”的意思，但是这两个短语在用法上有所不同：set about后接doing sth.，而set out后接to do sth.。    [拓展] 与set有关的短语：set off 出发，动身（后常接介词for），引爆；set up 建立，创立；set sb. free 释放；set aside 留出，抽出，忽视；set down 记下，写下， 放下；set foot in/on 踏上；set sail 扬帆起航；be set in 以……为背景；set fire to sth. = set sth. on fire 放火烧某物；set sb. an example = set an example to sb. 给某人树立榜样。    [小试] 用上述短语填空。    1. he was quite eager to __________ his hometown since he had left there 30 years ago. 2. you‘d better __________ some time every day to practise your spoken english. 3. the secret of famous writers’ success is to_________ everything that comes to them. 4. the school should __________ finding solutions to pollution of plastic bags around it. 5. many shelters would be ______for victims whose houses were damaged in the big earthquake. 6. the man who __________ the supermarket has been caught.    key： 1. set out / off for  2. set aside  3. set down  4. set about   5. set up  6. set fire to

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