XX高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳unit16 scientists at work 自助式复习板块 知识搜索 a. 单词 1.核子的；原子能的 (adj.)__________________ 2.不必要的；多余的 （adj.）__________________ 3.电的；导电的 （adj.）__________________ 4.成功的 （adj.）__________________ 5.锐利的；灵敏的 （adj.）__________________ 6.残酷的；令人痛苦的 （adj.）__________________ 7.使充电；控告 （v.）__________________ 8.证明；证实 （v.）__________________ 9.撕扯；撕裂 （v.）__________________ 10.控制 （v.）__________________ 11.拴紧；使固定 （v.）__________________ 12.怀疑 （v.）__________________ 13.实施；管理，指挥 （v.）__________________ 14.实验；试验 （n.）__________________ 15.液体；液态物 （n.）__________________ 16.有利条件；优点 （n.）__________________ 17.应用；实施 （n.）__________________ 18.雷雨；暴雨 （n.）__________________ 19.电击；打击 （n.）__________________ 20.感官；感觉 （n.）__________________ 21.激进主义分子 （n.）__________________ 22.结论；结束 （n.）__________________ 答案：1.nuclear 2.unnecessary 3.electric4.successful 5.sharp 6.cruel 7.charge8.prove 9.tear10.control 11.fasten12.doubt 13.conduct 14.experiment 15.liquid 16.advantage 17.application18.thunderstorm19.shock 20.sense21.activist 22. conclusion
b. 短语 23.在某人看来 ________ _________ ________ 24.把……加上……_______...________... 25.利用 _______ _______ ______ 26.把……系到……_______..._______ 27.防止风筝飞走 _______the _______ _______ _______ _______ 28.以平局结束_______ _______ a_______ 29.哭泣，掉泪 ________ ________ ________ 30.挑选出 _______ ______ 31.在……（身上）做实验 ______ _______ sth. 32.浪费钱 a ________ _______ _______ 33.违法 _______ ______ _______ 34.毫无疑问 ______ ______ 35.主管；负责 _______ ______ ______ 36.太贵了 _______ ______ _______ 37.导电 ________ _______ 38.用丝绸做的风筝a ______ ______ _______ _______ 39.做实验_______ an _______ 答案：23.in one’s opinion 24.add,to25.make use of 26.tie/fasten,to27.prevent, kite from flying away 28.end in, tie 29.be in tears 30.pick out31.test on 32.waste of money 33.break the law 34.no doubt 35.in charge of 36.much too expensive 37.conduct electricity 38.kite made of silk 39.do/make/conduct/perform, experimentc. 句型 40.我们要防止这种事情再次发生。 we should ______such kind of thing _______ ______ again. 41.这张椅子是由木头做的。 this chair______ _______ _______ wood. 42.这个理论最后证明是正确的。 the theory______ ______ ______ right. 43.这种纸很好撕。 this kind of paper______ ______ . 答案：40. prevent/stop/keep, from happening41. is made of42. proved to be 43. tears easilyd. 语法 44. foot + ball=_______ 45. up + stairs=_______ 46. thunder + storm=_________ 47. hide + and + seek=________ 48. class + room=________ 答案：44.football 45.upstairs 46.thunderstorm 47.hide and seek 48. classroom 重难棸焦 重点单词 要点1 close 【例题】 (经典回放)it was raining heavily. little mary felt cold, so she stood______ to her mother. a. close b. closely c. closed d. closing 解析:本句意为：“雨下得很大，小玛丽感到很冷，所以她靠她妈妈很近”。close可以作副词，表示“（距离）近地”“紧密地”；closely意为“紧密地，紧紧地”“认真地”“密切地”，通常不与to连用；closed意为“关闭的”。 答案:a归纳与迁移 (1)close作为形容词，有“靠近”“临近”“接近”等意思，相当于near。具体使用中，close之前多为连系动词，如be, keep, remain, stand等。常以“...close to”短语出现，其中的to为介词。 his company is c lose to ours. 他的公司离我们的很近。
close作为形容词，还有“亲近的，亲密的”等意思。 the two countries are close as lips and teeth. 那两个国家是唇齿相依的邻邦。 they are close friends. 他们是好朋友。 （2）close和closely这类副词称之为同源副词。它们的意义非常接近，不加－ly形式既可以是形容词，又可以是副词，其区别在于：凡是带－ly的副词常指抽象的，引申的含义。原形形式副词常指本义和具体意义。类似的还有deep, deeply“深地，深深地”；high, highly“高地，高度地”；wide, widely“宽地，广泛地”。 we speak highly of him. 我们对他的评价很高。 the bird is flying high in the sky. 那只小鸟在天上飞得很高。 要点3 enough 【例题】（上海春，34）______，some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. a. strangely enough b. enough strangely c. strange enough d. enough strange 解析:enough修饰形容词、副词通常后置。此处表达“奇怪的是”用副词。 答案:a归纳与迁移 enough修饰形容词或副词时，要放在被修饰词后；当修饰名词时，常放在名词前面。 careful enough 足够仔细 well enough 足够好 enough food 充足的食物 特别提醒： enough不能与no连用，但是能与not连用。 there is not enough money.钱不够。 要点3 with 【例题】(北京，34)i couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ______. a. going on b. goes on c. went on d. to go on 解析:本题考查现在分词在with复合结构中作补足语的用法。此处表示主动、进行，所以用现在分词。 答案:a归纳与迁移 with复合结构的构成： （1）with+宾语+名词 he died with his daughter yet a school girl. 他死的时候，他的女儿还是个学生。 （2）with+宾语+形容词 he used to sleep with all the windows open. 他过去常常开着窗子睡觉。 she lay in bed with her face pale. 她躺在床上，脸色苍白。 （3）with+宾语+副词 the girl fell asleep with the light on. 那位女孩睡着了，灯还亮着。 her mother sat in an armchair with her head down. 她母亲坐在椅子上，头低着。 （4）with+宾语+不定式 i can’t go out with these clothes to wash. 因为这些衣服要洗，我不能出去。 i had to go to bed with nothing to do. 我没有事可做，只好睡觉。 （5）with+宾语+介词短语 he sat near the fire with his back to the door. 他坐在炉子旁，背朝着房门。 the teacher came in with a book in his hand. 老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。
（6）with+宾语+现在分词 with the machine helping us, we could finish the work on time. 由于有机器的帮助，我们能按时完成任务。 she lives in the room with the light burning. 她住在亮着灯的那个房间里。 (7)with+宾语+过去分词 with everything done, she went home. 做完一切事情以后，她回家了。 he lay on his back, with his teeth set and his eyes closed. 他仰卧着，咬着牙、闭着眼。 要点4 allow 【例题】 they don’t allow_______ in the factory. a. smoke b. to sm oke c. smoked d. smoking 解析:本句意为：“他们不允许在工厂里吸烟。”表示“同意做……”用allow doing或allow sb. to do。 答案:d归纳与迁移 allow与permit都表示“同意”。 （1）用法相同 allow/ permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow /permit doing sth. 允许做某事（此时动词只用-ing形式） 反义词forbid具有同样用法。 （2）意义有异同 许多情况下可换用，只是词义的强弱上有差异。allow语意较弱，含有“听任”“默许”“不加阻止”的意思；permit语意较强，强调“正式认可”“批准”的意思。 the nurse allowed him to remain there, though it was not permitted. 护士让他留在那里，虽然这是（规定）不允许的。 重点短语 要点1 a number of 【例题】 the number of people we informed _____one hundred, but a number of them _______absent for different reasons. a. were; was b. was; was c. was; were d. were; were 解析:本句意为：“我们通知了100人，但是很多人都因不同的原因没有来。”a number of意为“许多”，相当于many，修饰复数名词，a number of+复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；the number of 意为“……的数目”，用作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 答案:c归纳与迁移 表示“很多，许多”还有以下词组： （1）修饰可数名词的复数： a great/large number of a large number of newspapers 大量的报纸 a great many a great many books 大量的书 quite a few quite a few students 许多学生 many a many a student has known the answer. 很多学生知道答案了。 特别提醒： a great many后面如果加of,名词前要加the。 a great many of the books 大量的书 （2）修饰不可数名词： a great deal of a great deal of coal 大量的煤 a large amount of a large amount of water 大量的水 （3）既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词：
a lot of a large quantity of(谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词） large quantities of(谓语动词用复数) a large quantity of coal has been burnt. 已经烧了大量的煤了。 a large quantity of students have finished reading the book. 很多学生已经看完了这本书。 large quantities of water have been polluted. 大量的水已经被污染了。 plenty of i have plenty of time. 我有很多时间。 要点2 protect...from... 【例题】(上海春，55)people first began to wear hats to_______ themselves from the climate. a. defend b. protect c. prevent d. hide 解析:本句意为：“人们一开始戴帽子是为了保护自己不受气候的影响。”protect...from意为“保护……不受……影响”；defend意为“保卫，捍卫”；prevent意为“防止，预防”；hide意为“隐藏，隐瞒”。 答案:b归纳与迁移 protect...from(against)...使（保护）……不受…… （1）+名词 we should wear more clothes to protect ourselves from the cold weather. 我们应该多穿些衣服来御寒。 （2）+doing sth. i wear a hat in summer to protect myself from being burnt. 我夏天戴帽子是为了防止自己被晒伤。 特别提醒： protect接较大的事情，如：天灾、战争等，一般用against;如果接比较小的事情则通常用from。 必背句型 要点1 there is no doubt that... 毫无疑问…… 【例题】（广东，34）some researchers believe that there is no doubt _____a cure for aids will be found. a. which b. what c. that d. whether 解析:本句意为：“一些研究员认为毫无疑问以后艾滋病肯定能治愈。”there is no doubt that...表示“毫无疑问”。 答案:c归纳与迁移 (1)there is no doubt that...表示“毫无疑问”，doubt后跟否定句，用that引导。 there is no doubt that he is a good student. 毫无疑问他是一个好学生。 （2）doubt后跟肯定句，用if/whether引导。 i doubt if/whether he will come. 我怀疑他会不会来。 （3）有关doubt的词组： no doubt“肯定地，想必”；without doubt “毫无疑问，一定地”。 no doubt i have won th e game. 毫无疑问我赢了那场比赛。 he will recovery soon without doubt. 他一定会很快恢复的。 要点2 so...that... 引导状语从句 【例题】 liu xiang did______ well at athens olympic games______ all china are proud of him. a. so; that b. as; as c. not only; but also d. both; and
解析:so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，与句意最相符。 答案:a归纳与迁移 (1)so +adj./adv.+ that...表示“如此……以至于”，that可省略；当so和它所修饰的形容词或副词放在句首时，主句倒装。 the book is so interesting that i want to read it again. =so interesting is the book that i want to read it again. 这本书是如此有趣，以至于我还想再读一遍。 there are so many mistakes in your article that i can’t understand the meaning. =so many mistakes are there in your article that i can’t understand the meaning. 你文章中的错误太多了，以至于我都无法理解其意思。 （2）在so...that句型中也可以使用名词，结构如下： so + few/many+可数名词复数+that so + little/much+不可数名词+that so +adj.+ a(n)+名词+that=such + a(n)+adj.+名词+that it was so cold a day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.=it was such a cold day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick. 天气是如此之冷，以至于河里的冰结得都有两英尺厚了。 it was such fine weather that the children all went out, playing in the sun.(weather为不可数名词，所以前面不能加a) 天气很好，孩子们都出去在阳光下玩耍。 there was so much water in the river that we couldn’t swim across it. 河水水位太高了，我们游不过去。
版权声明：本文采用知识共享 署名4.0国际许可协议 [BY-NC-SA] 进行授权
文章名称：2020高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳Unit20 Scientists at work 文章链接：https://678999.cn/189747.html 本站资源仅供个人学习交流，请于下载后24小时内删除，不允许用于商业用途，否则法律问题自行承担。
2020高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳Unit20 Scientists at work
