英语写作要领

一. 中国式英语

1. 汉式表达(Chinglish way of expression)

(错)However, everything has its black side.

(对)However, there are two sides to everythingeverything has its drawbackseverything has its pros and cons nothing is perfect.

2.In a word, I want to find a job that fits me,and money and other things are out of thought.

In a word, I want to find a job that suits me, and money and other things are not my chief concern

2. People now have condition to eat good things.

People now can afford nutritious food High-quality food is now within people’s reach.

3. Just open the TV set, you can know everything,and won’t have to go out.

Simply by switching on the TV set, you can learn everything without having to go out.

4. TV can widen our eyes.

Watching TV can broaden our minds horizons.

5. We young people are now live in sugar water.

We young people now live a comfortable life.

二. 汉式 “有” 的概念

1. The chief reason for the change have five points

There are five reasons for the change.

2. Traffic is a serious problem, one of the reasons is that Shanghai have over ten million people.

Traffic is a serious problem, and one of the reasons is that there are over ten million people in Shanghai.

三. 汉式 “后”的概念

(错) After its big libraries, what Fudan University attracts me is its modern laboratories.

Second only to its big libraries, the attraction of Fudan University for me is its modern laboratories.

(错) Some natural resources such as oil and coal will be used up after 50 years. (对) Some natural resources such as oil and coal will be used up in 50 years. (错) After four years, they graduated from the university.

Four years later, they graduated from the university.

四. 汉式 “越来越少”的概念

(错)Nowadays, young people who seek to go abroad are becoming more and more.(对) Nowadays, more and more young people are seeking to go abroad.

(错)People begin to eat grain less and less,while they eat fruit more and more.(错)With the development of cities, green land becomes more and more less.

(对)With the development of cities, the amount of green land is decreasing ever more rapidly.

五.汉式的多个动词连用

1.错: People think go to movie will cost a lot of money.

对: People think going to movie will cost a lot of money.

2.错:The best way to the traffic problem I Shanghai is build subways.

对: The best way to solve the traffic problem in Shanghai is to build subways.

3.错:There are many people take part in sports now .

对:There are many people who take part taking part in sports now .

4.错:Make cities greener has many advantages .

5.对:Making cities greener has many advantages.

错: Now people go abroad is not easy.

对:It is not easy for people to go abroad now.

6错:Although difficulty is exist,but we can overcome it.

对:Although difficulties exist, we can overcome them

六．汉式的形容词用法

错:Too easy or too difficulty is no good for us.

对:Books which are too easy or too difficult are not good for us.

错：Sports are liked by olds,young men and women, for they bring you happy. 对：Sports are liked by people of all ages and both sexes,for they bring happiness. 错： Old men like calm, while young people like active.

对：Old men like peaceful life,while people prefer an active one.

七． 汉式的无主语句

1．错： Without electricity, the world become dark and even unable to see a finger.对：Without electricity, the world would become so dark that a person could not even see a hand in front of his face.

3. 错: Reading books can acquire knowledge.

对：Through reading, one can acquire knowledge.

4. 错: All of this should thank our government.

对：We should thank our government for all of this.

文章的整体性和连贯性

整体性指在短文在语义上是一个整体，几个段落围绕短文的一个主题。在写作考试中，则主要指在确定了中心写作内容后，不要跑题。连贯性指句子之间和段落之间是以合乎逻辑的方式排列的，读起来通顺流畅。短文的整体性和连贯性是通过句子和段落的逻辑排列或采用过渡词的方式来实现的。

请看下面的短文是以逻辑排列的方式达到短文整体性和连贯性的：

Nuclear power stations are extremely dangerous. In 1979 a station in the USA went out of control and thousands of people there had to leave their homes. The waste from nuclear power stations can be dangerous to man for thousands of years .Nuclear stations are unnecessary. The demand for electricity in the West is increasing very slowly and can be met by existing stations. If extra power in needed, it should be provided by windowsd or tidal power stations. They are safe and there is no danger of pollution. For these reasons all work on nuclear power stations must be halted immediately.

下面的短文是采用过渡词的方式达到短文的整体性和连贯性的:

Getting up early is good for our health. To start with, the air in the morning is fresh, which will do a lot of good to your health. Second, early in the morning you may take a walk or do some exercise, which will help to keep you healthy. Finally,getting up early will help you to form a good habit, and develop a good mood for daily activities. 为了使短文具有较好的整体性和连贯性,通常采用 “启” “承” “转” “合”的过渡词

1. 用于引导主题句或主题句后第一个扩展句的过渡词语称为 “启” 有关这方面的词语有:

First,first of all, at first, in the first place, in the beginning, firstly, to begin with, to start with, for one thing, for another, on one hand, on the other hand, generally speaking, in general, at present, currently, lately 等

“启”的用法实例:

At present/currently/lately-----some people believe that 英特尔ligence is given at birth. At first/First of all/In the beginning/In the first place/firstly-----the environment plays an important role in shaping one’s personality.

2. 用于承接主题句或第一个扩展句的过渡词语称为 “承”,这方面的词语有: Second, third,secondly, thirdly, in other words, in the same way, besides, also, in addition to, moreover, what is more, for example, for instance, meanwhile, at the same time, consequently ,for this purpose,namely.

“承”的用法实例:

Second/thirdly/In other words/in the same way/-----shorter working hours can lead to

greater productivity.

Besides/After that/in addition/Afterwards-----he hoped to work with one of the best prefessors on that research project.

3. 用来表示不同和相反的过渡词语为 “转”,常见的词语有:

But, yet, however, on the contrary, unlike, nevertheless, in spite of, on the other hand, though, as a matter of fact, in fact , in contrast

“转”的用法实例:

Yet/However/unfortunately/in fact----other people are strongly against his proposal. Unlike his brother,he likes swimming very much.

In spite of the heavy rain, they continued working.

4. 用于小结段落或短文的过渡词语有:

Finally,at last, in short, in a word, in conclusion, at length, eventually, thus, therefore,to sum up, undoubtedly, briefly, truly, as a result, obviously, certainly. “合”的用法实例:

At length/in conclusion/in a word/As a result/In short----the government should make a necessary law against the shop lifting.

Therefore/Accordingly/surely/certainly/briefly/Obviously----we must work hard to protect water resources.

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