unit 3　travel journalperiod one　warming up，pre-reading and reading

.  1which kind of transport do you prefer to use：bus or train？(p17)拓展归纳prefer＋n./doing sth.to＋n./doing sth.宁愿……，不愿……prefer sb.to do sth.宁愿某人做某事prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁可……，不愿……show/have a preference for偏爱……have a preference of sth.to/over another宁要某物而不要另一物give preference to给某人优先权in preference to优先于……he prefers reading books to watching tv.他喜欢读书胜过看电视。i prefer to stay with my children on holidays.我喜欢假日里和孩子们待在一起。i prefer to walk there rather than ride on a crowded bus.我宁愿走着去那里也不愿乘坐拥挤的公共汽车。i should prefer you not to stay there too long.我倒宁愿你别在那里待得太久。翻译句子(1)我喜欢看电视而不喜欢出去。(用两种方式翻译)i_prefer_to_watch_tv_rather_than_go_out.i_prefer_watching_tv_to_going_out.(2)我倒希望你马上就走。(用两种方式翻译)i_prefer_you_to_go_at_once._i_prefer_that_you_should_go_at_once.(3)布朗先生比较喜欢把业余时间用来读点书。mr.brown_preferred_spending/to_spend_(spend)_his_spare_time_doing_some_reading.(4)我宁愿门开着。i_prefer_the_door_open.2

用法点拨ever since或since可作连词或介词，意为“自……以后；自从……”，常与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，类似的时间状语还有so far，up till now，by now，recently，lately，since last month/year，in/for the past＋一段时间，since...ago等。since 1990，i have been living in shanghai.自1990年至今，我一直都住在上海。since we met last time，i haven’t heard from her.自上次见面至今，我一直都没有她的音讯。i have made great progress so far.到目前为止，我已经取得了很大的进步。完成句子(1)从我上次见到她到现在已有很多年了。it_has_been_years_since i saw her last time.(2)星期二以来她一直没上班。she’s been off work since_tuesday.(3)自1980年以来，他就没有回过家。he_has_not_been_home since 1980.(4)他们1982年去了加拿大，从此以后没有回过家乡。they went to canada in 1982 and haven’t_come_back to their hometown ever_since.考题例证　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the book was written in 1946，________ the education system has witnessed great changes.(山东高考)a.when          b.during which        c.since then       d.since when答案　d解析　since when＝since 1946，此处用since来连接两个句子，其主句要用现在完成时态。3...and then she persuaded me to buy one.(p18) 拓展归纳persuade sb.to do sth.persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事 persuade sb.not to do sth.persuade sb.out of (doing) sth.说服某人不做某事persuade sb.of sth.使某人相信某事persuade sb.that 使某人信服they persuaded him to go along with them.他们说服他和他们一起去。we tried to persuade him out of his foolish plan.我们尽力说服他放弃那个愚蠢的计划。he tried to persuade us of his honesty.他竭力让我们相信他的诚实。will you persuade him that he has made the wrong decision?你能使他信服他的决定是错误的吗？ persuade，advise(1)persuade强调说服，劝服的结果。如果“劝说”不成功，不能直接用persuade，而应用try to persuade 或advise，或者用persuade的否定式。jack tried to persuade tom to go with him，but failed at last.杰克试图说服汤姆同他一块儿去，但最终失败了。(2)advise sb.to do sth.建议或劝说某人去做某事，强调提出建议但对方不一定接受。he advised me to go with him，but i wouldn’t.他建议我跟他一块去，但我不愿意。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　用persuade，advise的正确形式填空(1)she finally persuaded her husband to give up smoking.(2)i tried to persuade him to change his mind，but he wasn’t willing to do so.(3)the doctor advised me to have a holiday，but i was too busy.(4)though she had different ideas about the proposal，we persuaded her to accept it.考题例证there is nothing more i can try________you to stay，so i wish you good luck.(上海高考)a.being persuaded                 b.persuadingc.to be persuaded                 d.to persuade答案　d解析　try to persuade...尽力去说服……。“i can try ______ you to stay”为定语从句，省略了作try宾语的关系代词that。4...my sister doesn’t care about details.(p18) 拓展归纳care for关怀；照顾；喜欢；对……有兴趣care to do sth.愿意做……；想要做……take care注意，当心take care of照顾；负责with care当心；仔细地完成句子(1)我不喜欢咖啡。i don’t care_for_coffee.(2)她昨天待在家里，照顾她有病的妈妈。she stayed at home yesterday and took_care_of her sick mother.(3)你应该小心地拿着这个杯子。you should hold the cup with_care.(4)你愿意来参加聚会吗？would you care_to_come to the party?5  拓展归纳determine to dodetermine＋从句determine＋疑问词＋to do determine sb.to do使某人下决心做……be determined to do 决心做no matter what happens，she has determined to tell the truth.无论发生什么事，她都已经决定把真相说出来。we must determine what to do next.我们必须决定下一步的行动。 she determined that she would never see him again.她决心再也不要见他。what determined her to marry him?是什么使她下定决心嫁给他？完成句子(1)我们能定下这次派对的日期吗？can we determine_the_date for the party?(2)他的未来还不确定，但他可能学医。his future has_not_been_determined yet，but he may study medicine.(3)他决心在学习上超越其他的人。he determined_to_get ahead of the others in studies.(4)是什么使你决定放弃那个计划？what determined_you_to_give_up the plan?(5)我们决心将所有的事情在周五前完成。we are_determined_to_get all the things done before friday.6finally，i had to give in.(p18) 拓展归纳give in to sb.向某人让步，屈服于某人give in(＝hand in＝turn in)提出，递交give away不小心透露；赠送，免费给予give back归还；恢复give off (＝give out)放出，散发(光，热，烟，气味等)give out vt.分配，分发；vi.(食物，燃料，电力等)用光；精疲力竭give over交付，托付give up放弃；认输the mother gave in and bought a toy for her child.拗不过孩子，母亲给孩子买了玩具。he had to give in to my views.他只好顺从了我的意见。it’s time you gave in your papers.到交论文的时候了。单项填空　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(1)my father is used to smoking and drinking.and there is no chance ________ i am able to persuade him to________.a.which；stop them                     b.that；give them upc.that；give up them                    d.whether；get rid of them答案　b(2)once you ________ into the habit of smoking，it is hard for you to ________.a.fall；get out of                       b.get；give up itc.form；give it up                      d.get；give it up答案　d(3)mother kept inviting mr. smith to dinner，and finally he ________.a.gave in                             b.gave upc.gave out                            d.gave off答案　a 7once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.(p18) 拓展归纳change one’s mind改变主意 make up one’s mind(mind有复数形式)某人下定决心have no/a mind to do 无/有意做，心里(不)想做read one’s mind看出某人的心思speak one’s mind直言不讳be in/of two minds拿不定主意be of the same mind意见一致give one’s mind to 注意……keep one’s mind on专心于……take one’s/sb.’s mind off sth.转移自己/某人的注意力so many men，so many minds.各人有各人的想法。maybe you’ll think it over and change your mind.也许你愿意好好想想并改变主意。we have made up our minds to keep out of their quarrel.我们已经下决心不理会他们之间的争吵了。完成句子(1)如果你现在不走的话，我将会改变主意。if you don’t go now，i will change_my_mind.(2)他已下决心辞职，而且就那么定了。he has made_up_his_mind to resign，and that’s final.(3)这是个好主意，我要记在心里。it’s a good idea.i’ll keep_it_in_mind.(4)你应该记住， 这些考试会影响到你的最后成绩。you__should_bear_in_mind that these exams affect your final result.

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用法点拨此句是一个强调句型，其结构为“it is (was)＋被强调部分＋that(who)＋其他...”。根据上下文和语义，说话人可以通过强调句分别强调主语、宾语或状语，使之成为信息中心。如果被强调部分是“人”，则用who或that；如果被强调部分是其他成分与内容，则只能用that。i met smith in the park yesterday.我昨天在公园遇见了史密斯。it was i who/that met smith in the park yesterday.(强调主语)it was smith who/that i met in the park yesterday.(强调宾语)it was in the park that i met smith yesterday.(强调地点状语，不用where)it was yesterday that i met smith in the park.(强调时间状语，不用when)句型转换all the members  held a meeting in the club yesterday.昨天所有会员们在俱乐部举行了一次会议。(1)(强调主语all the members)it_was_all_the_members_that/who_held_a_meeting_in_the_club_yesterday.(was_不可换用were)_(2)(强调宾语a meeting)it_was_a_meeting_that_all_the_members_held_in_the_club_yesterday.(3)(强调地点状语in the club)it_was_in_the_club_that_all_the_members_held_a_meeting_yesterday.(that不可换用where)(4)(强调时间状语yesterday)it_was_yesterday_that_all_the_members_held_a_meeting_in_the_club.(that不可换用when)考题例证　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　it is not who is right but what is right________is of importance.(重庆高考)a.which            b.it               c.that             d.this答案　c解析　本句为it is...that...强调句型。2 用法点拨   the air would be hard to breathe是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不 定式结构”，其中the air 是breathe的逻辑宾语。 不定式和主语之间是动宾关系，要求使用及物动词的主动形式，因此不及物动词要加相应的介词。 english is difficult to learn well in a short time.英语难以在短时间内学好。the problem is really hard to work out.这道题很难算出来。完成句子(1)我的上司很容易相处。my boss is easy to_get_along_with.(2)文章太长看不懂。the article is too long to_understand.(3)一个很难被取悦的人一定很难与之共事。a man so difficult to please must be hard to_work_with.(4)这个箱子好像提起来很重。the box seemed heavy_to_carry.3 

用法点拨insist表示“坚持要求，坚决主张”时，所跟的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，即：主语＋(should) do；表示“坚持一种说法、看法或事实”时，宾语从句使用陈述语气及相应的时态。insist on/upon doing坚持做insist on/upon one’s doing坚持要某人做insist that坚持认为；坚持说he insisted on giving me a second help.他坚持再给我一次帮助。we insist that you accept these gifts.我们坚决要求你收下这些礼物。用所给词的恰当形式填空(1)she insisted that he was (be) wrong.(2)he insists that she (should)be (be)invited to our party.(3)he insisted on doing (do)the experiment himself although he got the flu.4 

用法点拨seem作动词，意为“似乎；好像”。主要句型有：(1)“seem＋n./adj./不定式”结构。he seemed an honest man.他似乎是个诚实的人。she seemed lonely.她似乎(很)孤独。(2)“seem like＋n./v.­ing”意为“看起来像……”。it seems like years since i last saw you.自从我上次见到你以来，好像是过了好几年了。(3)“there seems to be...”意为“似乎有；好像有……”。there seems to be something wrong with it.i can’t possibly use it.它好像出了故障，我可能无法使用它了。(4)“it seems/seemed＋that从句”意为“看起来……；好像……”。it seemed that nobody knew anything about the matter.看来没有人知道这件事。(5)“it seems/seemed＋as if/though＋从句”意为“看来好像……”。it seems as though ken will win the race.看上去肯要跑第一了。 翻译句子(1)他看起来很高兴。he_seems_to_be_quite_happy.(2)我好像以前见过她。it_seems_that_i_have_seen_her_before.(3)当时这主意好像不错。it_seemed_like_a_good_idea_at_that_time.(4)天好像要下雨。it_seems_as_if_it_is_going_to_rain.(5)看来没有必要现在去。there_seems_to_be_no_need_to_go_now.

沿湄公河而下的旅程第一部分　　梦想与计划我的名字叫王坤。从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。两年前，她买了一辆昂贵的山地自行车，然后还说服我买了一辆(山地车)。去年，她去看望了我们的表兄弟——在昆明读大学的刀卫和宇航。他们是傣族人，在云南省西部靠近澜沧江的地方长大，湄公河在中国境内的这一段叫澜沧江，在其他国家(境内)叫湄公河。很快，王薇使表兄弟也对骑车旅游也产生了兴趣。大学毕业以后，我们终于有了机会骑自行车旅行。我问我姐姐：“我们要去哪儿？”首先想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。现在她正在为我们的旅行制定计划。 我很喜欢我姐姐，但是她有一个很严重的缺点。她有时确实很固执。尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。于是，我就知道这个尽善尽美的方式总是她的方式。我不停地问她，“我们什么时候出发？什么时候回来？”我还问她是否看过地图。当然她并没有看过——我的姐姐是不会考虑细节的。于是，我告诉她，湄公河的源头在青海省。她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。我说，我们的旅行将从5 000多米的高地出发，这时她似乎显得很兴奋。当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难，而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。我非常了解我的姐姐，她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。最后，我只好让步了。在我们旅行前的几个月，王薇和我去了图书馆。我们找到一本大型地图册，里面有一些世界地理的明细图。我们从图上可以看到，湄公河发源于西藏一座山上的冰川。起初，江面很小，河水清澈而冷冽。然后它开始快速流动。它穿过深谷时就变成了急流，流经云南西部。有时，这条江形成瀑布，进入宽阔的峡谷。我们俩惊奇地发现这条河有一半是在中国境内。当流出中国，流出高地之后，湄公河就变宽了，变暖了，河水也变成了黄褐色。而当它进入东南亚以后，流速减缓，河水蜿蜒缓慢地穿过低谷，流向生长稻谷的平原。最后，湄公河三角洲的各支流流入中国南海。

ⅰ.单词拼写1.mother was finally persuaded(说服)to buy me a computer as a gift for my birthday.2.some people develop altitude(海拔；高度)sickness when climbing high mountains.3.none of us likes to work with stubborn(顽固的)people.4.i kept a journal(日记)during my visit to china.5.their dispute has not been finally(最后；终于)settled yet.6.the transport of goods by air is very expensive.7.please help me find out how much a one­way train fare to beijing is.8.i am determined to do better than mike.9.he chose spain，but personally i’d prefer to go to greece.10.he took a positive attitude towards his work.ⅱ.用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空

1.he is so stubborn that no one can persuade him to do any­thing.2.a determined person always tries to finish the job，no matter how hard it is.3.once she has made up her mind，nothing will change_her_mind.4.is it proper for us to take off our hats in church?5.he insisted that we find the source of the trouble as soon as possible.everyone agreed.6.do you remember every detail of the story you have just read?7.i wanted to pay the train fare，but my friend insisted.finally i gave in.8.she persuaded all of us to cycle to work instead of taking the bus. ⅲ.翻译句子1.虽然他生在城市，却是在农村长大的。although_he_was_born_in_the_city，he_grew_up_in_the_countryside.2.我们一到大理，就迫不及待地去看大理古城。 as_soon_as_we_arrived_in_dali，we_could_hardly_wait_to_go_and_see_the_dali_ancient_town.3.你一旦拥有较大的词汇量，你就能与美国人更好地交谈。once_you_have_a_larger_vocabulary，you_can_communicate_bet­ter_with_americans.4.在他告诉我之前三天我就知道这消息了。i_had_got_to_know_the_news_three_days_before_he_told_it_to_me.5.当我们到那里时，我们惊奇地发现大理三塔是那样的美丽。when_we_got_there，we_were_surprised_to_find_the_dali_three­tower_was_so_beautiful.6.我们已计划作一次环太湖自行车旅行。we have already planned to take a bicycle trip around taihu lake.7.他们决定从澜沧江的源头开始旅行。they_decided_to_begin_their_trip_from_the_beginning_of_the_lancang_river.8.我曾梦想当一名作家。i_once_dreamed_of_becoming_a_writer.ⅳ.单句改错1.when are you returning back？去掉back2.i have always dreamed to become a pilot when i grow up. to become→of becoming3.it was in this house that she was born that she got married last month. 第一个that→where4.thank goodness,i finally advised him to stop smoking,which made his parents very happy.                                                  advised→persuaded5.his coming late from school got his parents worrying so much. worrying→worried6.we all insisted that we could be sent to the front to give our soldiers some help.               &nb sp;                                去掉could或将could→should7.of course they have made up their mind to carry out the task to the end.mind→minds8.whatever we said,he wouldn’t change his mind and at last we had to give up. up→in9.tom was so casual(随便的)that he cared little his clothes. little后加about10.do you know when they are reaching?                   reaching→arrivingⅴ.单项填空　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1.the new railway winds its way to hong kong，________the mountains, ________ the tunnels and ________ the rivers.a.across；over；through               b.over；across；through c.over；through；across               d.through；over；across答案　c解析　over越过，横过；across横过，穿过，着重指从一条线或某一物体表面的一边到另一边；through从……中通过，指从空间的一头穿到另一头。2.________ others say，the professor is sure that his theory is correct.a.no matter                          b.it doesn’t matterc.whatever                          d.what答案　c解析　whatever others say是whatever引导的让步状语从句。whatever既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。a选项应改为no matter what才正确。3.i ________ him not to smoke，but he didn’t think it necessary.a.persuaded       b.advised          c.hoped          d.suggested答案　b解析　此题考查这四个单词的意义及用法，hope和suggest后均不能跟复合宾语即“动词＋宾语＋不定式(作宾语补足语)”，因此c、d两选项错误。而persuade sb.to do sth.意为“说服某人做某事”，不符合题意。故选b项。4.the boy insisted that he ________ the money and that he ________ at once.a.not steal；be set free                  b.hadn’t stolen；be set freec.didn’t steal；should be set free         d.hadn’t stolen；set free答案　b解析　insist这个词如果表示“坚决要求做某事”，从句谓语动词要用(should) do；如果表示“坚决认为某一观点、主张”时，从句的谓语动词应用与主句相应的某种时态。5.i don’t know ________ i should go away.a.which        b.if or not            c.whether or not     d.where答案　c解析　首先根据句意排除a、d两选项；“whether or not i should go away”是以whether引导的一个宾语从句，whether可以和or连用，而if不能。6.________ you understand this rule，you will have no further difficulty.a.once        b.unless              c.until            d.till答案　a解析　根据句意排除b选项；而c、d两选项又不符合英语的习惯，故选a项。 7.he didn’t give in ________ the enemy even under death.a.for          b.with                c.to              d.on答案　c解析　give in作“屈服；让步”解时是不及物动词，若表示“向……屈服/让步”，用“give in to...”。 8.mr.hall understands that ________english has always been easy for him，it is not easy for the students.a.unless           b.since            c.although         d.when答案　c解析　该题考查连接词的用法。“mr.hall understands”是主句，其后是that引导的宾语从句，english has always been easy for him 与it is not easy for the students之间为转折关系，故选c项。9.was it last week ________ we sold our old car to a mexican?a.when           b.that             c.which            d.what答案　b解析　本句为强调句型的一般疑问句形式，强调的是时间状语last week。根据强调句结构“it is/was...that...”判断，此处应填that。10.i tried to ________ give up the foolish idea，but hewouldn’t listen to me.a.advise him to   b.persuade him to    c.advise him into      d.persuade him into答案　b解析　考查短语persuade sb. to do sth.(说服某人做某事)的用法。  11.he ________ to go into business when he leaves college.a.has made up his mind                 b.has kept his mindc.made up his mind                    d.kept his mind答案　a解析　make up one’s mind意为“下定决心”，根据时间状语从句“when he leaves college”判断此处应用现在完成时。12.she loved acting in films，so after ________ high school，she went to study at a famous drama school.a.graduated at                        b.graduated inc.graduated from                      d.graduated as 答案　c解析　“从……(学校)毕业”用graduate from表示。13.finally he got the job he ________ .a.dreamt about                       b.had dreamt aboutc.dreamt for                         d.had dreamt for答案　d解析　dream for意为“梦想；向往”；dream about没有这个意思。由“finally he got...”的时态可判断应用过去完成时。14.he left the place，________ never to come back.a.determined                        b.determiningc.being determined                   d.having determined答案　a解析　“determined...”作伴随状语，意为“有决心的；坚决的；坚定的”。15.—thank you for the lovely party and the delicious food.—________.a.thanks，too                       b.never mindc.all right                           d.my pleasure答案　d解析　此题考查对感谢的回答。“my pleasure.”意为“不用谢；乐意效劳”，相当于“it’s my pleasure.”。ⅵ.完形填空having visited quite a few places of interest and had a wonderful time，mrs. smith bought a lot of things including two expensive overcoats and was now on a return ship.time __1__.the ship was at the end of its long trip and the people in it were waiting to get off.mrs. smith looked very __2__.she bought two expensive overcoats during the trip，but the customs allowed each passenger to have __3__ one overcoat.what should she do？suddenly she saw a poor young lady on __4__side of the ship.she had a good __5__.she went over there and took her to a __6__place.no one could hear what they talked__7__.they first said “hello！” to each other.then mrs. smith asked politely，“would  you be __8__ enough to do something for me？”“of course.what’s that？”“i have two overcoats and can’t be let __9__.will you put this on，please？they will __10__ you take it into the country，”mrs. smith __11__.  at first the young lady refused but some time later she __12__.the young lady was surprised to find the overcoat was very __13__ on her and she felt very happy because she never had a coat like that in her __14__. “remember，”said the rich woman.“don’t tell anyone about __15__ we had said and done and don’t look at me __16__ when we are through.”the two women left the ship safely.no __17__ happened to either of them.__18__，when the rich woman asked the young lady to give __19__ her overcoat，the young lady said，“i am sorry. i don’t know you. this is my overcoat. __20__ should i give it to you？”1.a.walked           b.flew               c.left            d.went答案　b解析　“光阴似箭”应用time flew.表示。由前句中的“was on a return ship”和下句中的“was at the end of its long trip”可知是说明时间的飞逝。2.a.happy           b.upset               c.excited         d.pleased答案　b解析　由下文知：海关要求每位乘客只能带一件外套，但是mrs. smith 买了两件，所以她此刻应是心烦意乱的。3.a.also             b.still                c.only           d.yet答案　c解析　“一人只带一件”，only修饰one。4.a.the other         b.another             c.other          d.some答案　a解析　船只有两端。the other表示“(两者中的)另一个”。5.a.point            b.idea               c.way           d.thing答案　b解析　have a good idea为习惯搭配，意为“想出一个好主意”。6.a.high            b.quiet               c.noisy          d.bright答案　b解析　说悄悄话，应在僻静处，故选b项。7.a.to              b.with                c.for           d.about

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