unit 2 english around the worldthe first period warming up, speaking and integrating skillsteaching aims:1.learn a dialogue about american english and british english2.do some exercise about sentence transformation3.read the passage and fill in the formstep1. listen to the tape and then answer the following questions:1. what does nancy thinks joe wants to do?2. what does joe really want to do?3.  what causes the misunderstanding  between the two people? in american english bathroom: a place where you are sure to find a toilet.maybe you will find a bath; maybe not.in british english bathroom :a place where you are sure to find a bath or shower , but  sometimes you may not find a toiletstep2. integrating skills : read and answer:what differences between american english and british english are mentioned?• different words with the same meaning • spelling • pronunciation• borrowing words from other languagesdifferences between am e & br e british english american englishspelling colour  labour  favour neighbour metre  centre theatre practise color labor  favor neighbor meter center theater practice    pronunciation fast   half   pass  glass  dance path  class  / a: /  either /ai: /  fast   half   pass  glass  dance path  class  / æ /either / i: / different words with the same meaning film  patrol  shop  post lift   term   baggage autumn   taxi   at once movie  gas store  mail elevator semester luggage   fall   cab  right nowenglish comes from different countries: french: court , literature(文学)      spanish:cafeteria (自助餐厅)step3. read the dialogue and fill in the blanksstep4.grammar point1. for the first time首次做,在句中充当状语   the first time充当连词引导时间状语从句 the two students met for the first time at the beginning of term i thought her nice and honest the first time i met her.it is /was the …time +clauseit is the first time i have been to the great wall.  it was the first time i had left home.2.what is it that joe can’t find in the bath room?强调句基本结构：“it+ is/was+被强调部分+ that/who”i met liping in the park yesterday.a.强调主语it was i that /who met liping in the park yesterday b.强调宾语it was liping that /who i met in the park yesterday.c. 强调地点状语：it was in the park that i met liping yesterday.d. 强调时间状语：it was yesterday that i met liping in the park.what is it that joe can’t find in the bath room?强调句的疑问句式：特殊疑问词+ is/was + that +句子的其它部分+？it is the toilet that joe can’t find in the bathroom.what is it that joe can’t find in the bath room?3. there you are. 1) you have arrived at last !   ~! come in and sit down!  2) here is what you want. 你要的东西在这儿。 e.g.  there you are! two coffees.3) i told you so.瞧, 对吧（果然如此)e.g. there you are! i knew we should find it at last. there and here位于句首时,主谓倒装,当主语是人称代词时,不倒装  here comes the bus.  here you are.  here he comes4. direct adj. 1)straight; going from one point to another without  turning asidee.g. a direct flight from chengdu to singapore.       which is the most direct route to your home2)honest, easily understood   he gave a direct answer to my question.direct adv.in a straight line, without stopping or turning asidee.g. the flight doesn’t go direct from chengdu to singapore.directly adv. in a direct manner   e.g. he answered me very directly.conj. as soon as  (一……就……)   he came directly he got my call.5. you must be very tired.  must be 表语气肯定的猜测，意为“一定，肯定”；否定形式是 can’t be，表示“一定不”。1) he must be in his office, for the light in his office is still on.2) ---that must be jim.   ---no, it can’t be him. he’s away on holidays.1. this ___b__ be a woman’s trousers.it _____ be a man’s.  a. cannot, may     b. cannot, must  c. must not, can    d. cannot, can2.it __b__he that tells such a lie; it ____you.a. must not be, must be  b. can’t be, must be  c. must not be , can be d. can’t be, can he3. such a businessman _a___ honest; he gets his（请记得收藏本站-一路高升范文网，以获取更多新鲜内容） money by dishonest ways.a. can’t be     b. can’t have been  c. may be       d. may not be责任,义务e.g. 1)you must finish your homework on time.    2)she is so lonely. you mustn't leave her.3)---must i come at 4 o’clock?---yes, you must ---no, you needn’t.mustn’t  表示禁止做某事  e.g. you mustn’t cheat in the examination.  cars mustn’t park in front of the entrance.6. at all  （1）用于否定句，意为：根本不、一点也不。it wasn’t difficult at all. 在口语中单独说 not at all, 可用来回答感谢或道歉。a：thank you very much.    b：not at all. 不客气.（2）用于疑问句，意为：到底、究竟、难道不  do you play poker at all? （3）用于条件句(用来加强if的语气)，意为：假若、既然、即使、反正。if you do it at all, do it well. 7. make yourself at home=make yourself feel at home e.g. his mother made us feel quite at home.8. mean to do sth    i mean to help you.  mean doing sth   missing the bus means waiting for another hour.9. forget/ remember/ regret to do sth forget/ remember/ regret  doing sth10. on one’s way to , by way of , lose one’s way, all the way, in the/one’s way   a bit /a little+adj/adv  a little+n ,a bit of +n   not a bit =not at all, not a little=much11. how did these differences come about?come about:  happen / occur / take place/ break out.(爆发) 这些动词或动词词组都是不及物动词，因而不用被（请记得收藏本站-一路高升范文网，以获取更多新鲜内容）动语态。1)  no one knows how the accident came about(= happened).2) “death occurred about midnight, ” the doctor said.3) it is said that sars will break out again.come about 可用it 作形式主语,后用that引导主语从句how did it come about that the year1914 saw the first world war.how did it come about that humans speak so many different languages.12. there  is no quick answer to this question    reply /key to the question        a key to the lock   a note to the text               an entrance to the school13. for a long time the language in america stayed the same…   stay link v. 保持 =  remain/ keep 1)the shop stayed open till six o’clock. 2) the temperature has stayed hot these week.   stay: v. stay in bed/ up/at home/ outthe same as / the same… as1) jenny looks the same as before.    2) do you think his jacket is the same as mine?3) our english teacher is about the same age as my mother.14.while conj.   1.表时间，“当……时候”e.g. grandma fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper.        2.表转折，“而，却”（并列连词）  e.g. he likes coffee while i prefer tea.我们忙着学习，而他们在玩。 we are busy studying while they are playing.有的人富有，而有的人贫穷。some people are rich while others are poor.3.表(条件)只要as long as    while there is life, there is hope.15. at the same time:   1.表两个动作同时发生或存在  2.转折,但是,然而   the two babies begun crying at the same time.  he can be very rude but at the same time you can’t help liking him. borrow  sth  from sb  , lend  sth  to  sb16.end up  vi.  (以…)结束；结果（做…）she said she would not go but she ended up by going.a. end up with sth/ begin with sth   our teacher ended up her class with a joke.  b. end up as sb/sth   he ended up as head of the firm.c. end up adj  be careful with your gun, or you’ll end up dead yourself.d. end up +prep phrases  if you drive like that, you’ll end up in hospital.e. end up+ving   every time she tried to argue with her husband, she ended up crying.17. that’s why:  why 和because引导表语从句, why表结果because表原因  that’s why he spoke french so funnily.   i think it’s because you’re doing too much.  用reason作主语时,表语从句一般用that引导,在现代英语中也可because引导.  ----i drove to zhuhai for the air show last week.  ----is that a you had a few days off. a. why  b. when   c. what  d. where a  she couldn’t understand was    fewer and fewer students showed interest in her class.a. what, why    b. that , what     c. what ,because18. have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth/ with sth   difficulty: c 具体的难事,困难  u.困难,费力,前不能加冠词difficulty/trouble可用 some, much, no, any, great, little修饰   1) do you have difficulty ( in) pronouncing these words?2) he has some difficulty / trouble (in) speaking english well.there is/was some difficulty in doing sth.3) there is some difficulty in teaching such little children.4) what difficulty do you have ___c_ the problem?   a. to solve   b. solve    c. solving    d. solved19. there are several reasons for this  1) for …reason  for this reason, he hated me very much.  2) the reason for(one’s doing) sth there are our reasons for doing it.  3) the reason why…  the reason why you can’t succeed is obvious.  4) the reason why… is/was that...做…的原因是…   the reason why he complained was that the service of the shop was too bad.20.bring in 1)带来,引入,提出  2) 获利,赚钱   bring in a bill in parliament      the sale brought  in over XX00 yuan.   bring about带来,造成   bring about great changes    bring down 使下降   bring down the price   bring out使显现,阐明,出版,生产 bring out a new computer   bring up 培养,教育,提出(议题),打断21 a great many ,many ,a number of +n(pl)  a great/good many of +the/these/those/my/ your/人称代词宾格  there are c sheep on the grassland.   d  his books are kept here.  a. a great deal of  b. a lot  c. a good many  d. a great many of   修饰可数 many , a good/ great many(of) ,quite a few, a number of    修饰不可数 much, little, a great deal of . a great amount of 修饰可数和不可数 a lot of , lots of , plenty of 22. compare   vt. compared with/to …   compare a with/to b: 比较 if you compare her work with/to yours, you’ll find hers is better.   compare a to b: 把a比作b (比喻)  people always compare teachers to candles.   compare a with b：匹敌，能和……相比（常用在否定句）   no olympics can compare with beijing .    comparison  n. [u]比较   make a ～ between a and b   d the youth    the rising sun at 8 or 9 o’clock , mao zedong expressed his great hope for the young men.   a. comparing, with  b. compared , to c. compared , with  d. comparing, to the second periodteaching aims:1. learn the text “english around the world”2. get the students to master the useful expressions in the text 3. train the students to read the text with correct pronunciation and introductionstep1. preparation for reading  question: how many languages do you speak? which is your native language?step2. listen to the tape and then read it, answer the following questions:1. how many people use english as their mother tongue?2. how many people use english as a second language?3. in which countries do we find most native speakers of english?4. why is it becoming more and more important to have a good knowledge of english?5. how many people learn english as a foreign language?step3  find out the main idea of each paragraph:   1)  english is a language spoken all around the world.2)  more than 750 million people learn english as a foreign language.3)  english is the language most widely spoken and used in the world.step4 read the text carefully and fill in the formenglish as number of speakers examples of countries working situations

he native language  over 375 million uk,us,canada,australia, southafrica, ireland,new zealand in any situationa second language over 375 million india, pakistan, nigeria, the philippines government,schools,newspapers &tva foreign language over 750 million everywhere in the world, such as china school,taxi,business

the most widely  used language a total of 1.5 billion speakers,     the working language,the language of global culturestep5: grammar points1. english is a language spoken all around the world. 1)   过去分词作定语,修饰language 表被动. a. the bridge built in ming dynasty is famous all over china.b. chinese is a language spoken by at least 1.3 billion people.c. “typhoon” is an english word borrowed from chinese.※  如果单个过去分词作定语，须放在修饰词之前。developed countries, boiled water 2. there are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak english.more than:  1)more than+ 数词  overby then he is more than 50 years old.   i have more than 100 books. 2) more than +n不只,不仅仅,远不止 we must consider more than the success in businee3) more than +v 十分,极其,岂止是 he more than smiled, he laughed outright4)more than +adj/adv 更加,十分,非常  he is more than selfish.the majority 作主语,谓语单复数都可, the majority of 作主语,谓语根据of后的名词而定the majority are/is for the plan.the majority of the members are against war, after all, the majority of human race is peace-loving.定语从句， 修饰地点用where1) he always wants to go to his hometown and visit the place where he grew up.2) kumming is a beautiful city where flowers are seen all the year round. however, the number of people who learn english as a foreign language is more than 750 million. 定语从句， 修饰人用who1)  the family who have lost everything in the natural disaster can get help from the local government.2) the man who we examined last week was excellent1.i have a friend _a_has a good camera.   a. who     b. whom    c. whose    d. he2. the man ___b__ is our new teacher.  a. who you spoke    b. who you spoke to c. with who you spoke   d. you spoke with who3. i know the place __b_ we can have a quiet talk. a. which   b. where   c. when  d. that4. i can still remember the sitting room __c___ my mother used to sit in the evening.   a. what   b. which   c. where   d. that 3. total n. / adj. / vt.  total n. 总数  what does the total come to?total  adj. 完全的，全部的  what is the total cost of the new flat?total  vt.  总计  the money left totals only $15. in total: altogether  1) that sound system cost 30000 yuan in total.4. equal  adj. 相等的;平等的 (一般无比较级和最高级)  all men are equal in the eyes of law.  常见结构:be equal to   tom is equal to me in height.  our monitor is equal to his job.    vt.   eight times eight equals sixty-four.    none of us can equal her.与…相等,比得上（不接to，不用进行时）5. a number of :   许多    the number of : … 的数量  a large / great/ an equal number of1) a large number of cars are parking along  the street.2)  a number of people came to visit  emei mountain from all over the country3) the number of the cars in the cities has increased greatly these several years.   6. situation   n. [c] 情形；场所；处境；境遇；形势；局面；事态    the house has a fine situation.   the situation was complicated.    find oneself in an embarrassing situation觉得自己处于尴尬的境地    get into/out of a difficult situation  陷入/摆脱困难的状况7. except  : 除去 ，除了. 指同类事物中被排除的一项   besodes:除…外还有,包括后者在内   except for : 除了… 之外, 引述细节，指在一个整体中除去其中的某个某些因素。  except that除去 ，后接从句。除…之外 还有 except  when, except what, except where1) they all went asleep except the young frenchman.  2) your picture is good except for some of the colors.3) she remembered nothing except that his hair is black . 他孤独地生活着，除了一个外甥偶尔来看看他。he lives a lonely life except for an nephew coming to visit him occasionally.除了一个外甥以外，他没有一个亲人。he has no relatives _ except an nephew.8. trade  u. 交易,买卖  china does lots of trade with america. vi:做买卖1) trade in : they trade in fruit.2) trade with: exchange… with sb   the country trades with a lot of european countries.3) trade … for… , exchange… for…  trade information for money   trade oil for food9. communicate      communication  n.[u]  sommunicate with sbvt. 传达；传送 communicate sth to sb/sth teachers must communicate their ideas clearly to their students. 10. with so many people communicating in english…   with + n. + doing   1)she felt very nervous with so many people looking at her.   2) with you standing here, i can do nothing.  3) with autumn coming on, it is time to harvest.with + n.+adj.   don’t sleep with the window open, or you will catch cold.with + n. + prep. phrase   our teacher went into the classroom with a book in his hand.with + n.+ done  the thief was taken in with his hands tied behind his back.with + n. + to do  with the old man to lead, we had no difficulty in finding his house.with + n. + adv.  i like doing homework with the radio on.11. have/gain a good knowledge(掌握,了解) of 对…了解   knowledge is power. 12. exchange  vt.&n 交换，交流，兑换vt. exchange sth with sb   will you exchange seats with me?    exchange sth for sth   may i exchange it for a larger one?n. in  exchange  for 交换 i have offered to paint the house ~ a week’s accommodation.step6  grammar studydirect and indirect speech(2)-requests and commandsrequest: ask  for something very politely listen to me, please.(直接引语)  tina asked us to listen to her.(间接引语)command: to tell sb. to do sth, with the right to be obeyedput away your book and don’t talk.(直接引语)tina told us to put away our book and not to talk. (间接引语)sb. asks / tells sb. (not) to do sth动词不定式充当宾语补足语的说明：1.不定式作补语放在宾语之后，它与宾语有主谓关系。the teacher asked him to speak louder.2.不定式作宾补有两种情况: 省to 和不省to 的情况。3.巧记不定式作宾补省to 的情况五看(see,watch,notice,observe, look at)三让(let,make, have)二听(hear, listen to) 一感(feel)  半个帮(help)i noticed her enter the room. let the world talk4.这类结构的句子若变为被动语态时,不定式符号仍然要加上。she was seen to enter the room.间接引语的复杂结构：   1)  he told us ____c____ he wanted was some old books about ancient china.    a. that   b. what   c. that what  d. which2) i believe ___c___ you work harder, you may do a better job in your test.    a. if       b. that    c. that if    d. if that

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