被动

一般式

to be done

完成式

to have been done　　2.不定式被动形式的作用(1)作主语it's an honor to_be_invited to the ceremony.很荣幸被邀请赴宴。it's a pity to_be_kept in the house in such fine weather.在这样好的天气被关在家里真是遗憾。(2)作表语the letter is_to_be_sent_by airmail.这封信笺要空邮。(3)作宾语she didn't like to_be_treated as a child.她不喜欢被当成孩子。the boy asked to_be_given an opportunity to try again.那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。(4)作宾语补足语i'd like my bedroom to_be_cleaned.我想整理一下我的卧室。(5)作定语he was the last one_to_be_asked to speak at the meeting.他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的人。(6)作状语his mother left the small village，never_to_be_seen again.他母亲离开了那个小山村，再也没有人见过她。3.不定式有些要注意的地方(1)感官动词和一些使役动词的不定式的主动形式要省去to，但在变成被动语态后需要加上to，能这样用的动词或动词词组有：make，have，let，see，hear，notice，listen to，watch等。如： we often see him act like that.＝he is often seen to act like that.我们常常看到他那样做。(2)在can't help but，have nothing to do but结构中，介词but后的不定式省去to。如：i can't_help_but suspect his motive.我不禁怀疑起他的动机。i have_nothing_to_do_but_watch tv.我没什么事情可做，除了看电视。(3)不定式有时要用主动形式表示被动意义①形容词以及含有形容词的名词后的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义，其中形容词常见的有easy，difficult，important，impossible等。如：the work is impossible_to_finish in two days.工作不可能两天之内完成。 english is not so easy_to_learn.英语并不好学。②一些固定用法，如“挨骂，受责备，受批评” 用be to blame；“(东西等)出租”用to let。he is to blame for what he has done.他应为他所做的受责备。the house is to let.房子要出租。step 3　exercises1.the crowd cheered wildly at the sight of liu xiang，who was reported ______ the world record in the 110－meter hurdle race.a.breaking　　　               b.having broken　　　c.to have broken　　　          d.to break2.i like getting up very early in summer.the morning air is so good ______.a.to be breathed　        　  b.to breathe  c.breathing　                d.being breathed3.______ the project as planned，we'll have to work two more hours a day.a.completing　             b.complete  c.completed　              d.to complete4.having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple，but it remains______ whether they will enjoy it.a.to see　                     b.to be seen  c.seeing　                     d.seen5.i hurried to the meeting hall，only______ that the meeting had been put off.a.to tell　                   b.to be told  c.telling　                  d.told6.do let your mother know all the truth；she appears______ everything.a.to tell　                      b.to be told  c.to be telling　                 d.to have been told7.little tom should love______ to the theater this evening.a.to be taken　               b.to take  c.being taken　               d.taking8.it is said that plastics can be used to______ many things.now people are used to______ plastics products.a.make；using                 b.making；using  c.making；use                 d.make；use9.with a lot of problems______，the newly－elected president is having a hard time.a.settled　      b.settling       c.to settle　     d.being settledkeys：1～5 cbdbb　6～9 daacstep 4　drillingask students to do exercise  1 on page 14 and then check the answers together.keys：exercise 1be tested out，be harmed，be offered，was amazed，was not allowed，be discovered，be completely transformed，were impressed，be envied，be rebuiltask students to do exercise 2 and then check the answers together.keys：exercise 21.to be designed　2.to be rebuilt　3.to be accompanied　4.to be known as　5.to be filled with　6.to be tested out　7.to be envied　8.to be set asidestep 5　using the passive infinitivetranslate the following sentences into english using the passive infinitive.1.那本关于《圣经》的书需要在这个周末之前还给图书馆。2.下周末前，这个旧扶手椅将由一个沙发代替。3.不要着急，你有足够的时间把那个传真发到你的公司。4.你同妻子离婚的决定必须要得到她的同意。5.刚刚出了一起事故，不过没有必要惊慌，没有人受伤。6.虽然她考得不错，但是她预料父母还是会对考试的结果感到失望。7.当在医院进行大手术的时候，她得到了家人的关爱和支持，为此她感到非常高兴。8.他为自己被宣布成为智力竞赛冠军得主的事感到十分兴奋。9.他把他们已经得到的XX元与将提供的1500元加在一起，总共3500元。10.没有主力队员的参与，他们一定会在即将到来的比赛中被打败。suggested answers：1.that book on the holy bible needs to be returned to the library by/before the end of the week.2.that old armchair is to be replaced by a sofa next week.3.don't worry—you still have plenty of time for that fax to be sent to your company.4.your decision to divorce your wife has to be made with her agreement. 5.there has been an accident but there is no need to be alarmed.nobody has been hurt.6.although she had done well，she expected her parents to be disappointed by her exam results.7.she was happy to be supported by the affection of her family when she had a serious operation in hospital.8.he was so excited to be declared the winner of the talent competition.9.he added the yuan they had received to the 1500 yuan to be offered，making 3500 yuan in all.10.without their key/leading player，they're bound to be beaten in the coming competition.step 6　homeworkfinish off exercises 1 and 2 on page 56.

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